Explanation: The pattern below is produced by calculating the values of a two-variable function for every integer x and y from

0 -> width

The resulting number is converted to the given base, and then the digit of that number at the given place value is placed on the grid at position (x, y). The digit is represented as an ascii character (in binary, for example, 0 => " " and 1 => "#"). If you're confused, check out a visual walkthrough of an example.